{"id":28165,"date":"2024-08-26T09:48:27","date_gmt":"2024-08-26T01:48:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/incit.org\/?p=28165"},"modified":"2025-08-26T15:11:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T07:11:03","slug":"ensuring-manufacturing-compliance-a-critical-imperative-for-business-success","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/incit.org\/vi\/thought-leadership\/ensuring-manufacturing-compliance-a-critical-imperative-for-business-success\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong kinh doanh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c CEO ph\u1ea3i xem vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Volkswagen. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Volkswagen: khi "xanh h\u00f3a" c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gian l\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

Trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u Volkswagen (VW) b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i \u0111en t\u1ed1i \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi xanh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebb l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o diesel\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cdieselgate\u201d, V\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a VW<\/a> b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2015 khi c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u diesel c\u1ee7a VW \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gian l\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 gian l\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. VW th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 Audi A3 v\u00e0 VW Jetta, Beetle, Golf v\u00e0 Passat.<\/p>\n

H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c. Hiltrud Werner<\/a>, c\u1ef1u gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00eam ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u1ea1i VW, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng: "Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hy v\u1ecdng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ty ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa." Martin Winterkorn, CEO c\u1ee7a VW, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ra h\u1ea7u t\u00f2a v\u00ec gian l\u1eadn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2024<\/a>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea1t, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u VW. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 r\u1ed1i m\u1edb h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1eabn \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a VW l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Ch\u00fang c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t, n\u00e2ng cao danh ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2ng tin v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, cam k\u1ebft tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

1. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00ea cung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u00f9y theo khu v\u1ef1c, lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00ea cung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y t\u1ebf, Deloitte nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh "ba gi\u1edd v\u00e0ng" (triple witching hour) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2016-2020, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi t\u1eeb Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ISO v\u00e0 MDSAP \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

3. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t (GMP)<\/h3>\n

GMP<\/a> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 GMP, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a GMP trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, GMP \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn GMP r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn GMP l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n